The Origins of Karate

Karate is a martial art developed in the Japaneseof cultural and political interchanges. Further influence
territory known as the Ryukyu Islands. It includescame from Southeast Asia from the regions of
punching, kicking, knee and elbow strikes andSumatra, Java, and Melaka. Many Okinawan weapons
open-handed techniques. Karate students may alsosuch as the sai, tonfa, and nunchaku likely originated in
learn grappling techniques, arm locks, throws, and pointand around Southeast Asia.
strikes depending on the schools or style they study.Sakukawa Kanga had studied staff fighting in China. In
Karate began as a fighting system referred to as1806 he started teaching a fighting art in Shuri that he
"ti.After trading contacts were established with thecalled "Tudi Sakukawa." This was the first known
Ming dynasty of China by King Satto ofwritten reference to the art of "Tudi." Around the
Chūzan;in late 14th century, various forms of1820s Sakukawa's most significant student Matsumura
Chinese martial arts were slowly introduced to theSōkon who lived till the end of the 19th century
Ryukyu Islands by the visitors from China.taught a synthesis of te and Shaolin styles.
A group of Chinese families moved to Okinawa nearMatsumura's style and techniques would eventually
the end of the 14th century where they established thedevelop into the Shōrin;-ryū karate style.
Kumemura community and shared their knowledge ofGichin Funakoshi, founder of Shotokan karate, is
a wide variety of Chinese arts and sciences, includinggenerally credited with having popularized karate on
the Chinese martial arts.the Japanese mainland though the spread is more
The centralization of governance and authority inlikely through many Okinawans who were actively
Okinawa by King ShōHashi in the first half of theteaching, and are thus equally responsible for the
15th century and the banning of weapons enforced inpopularization of karate.
Okinawa after the invasion of the Shimazu clan, wereFunakoshi was a student of both Asato Ankō
also factors that furthered the development ofand Itosu Ankō who had worked to introduce
unarmed combat systems in Okinawa.karate to the Okinawa Prefectural School System.
Each teachers taught a particular kata as well asDuring this time period, prominent teachers who also
differing techniques and principles that distinguishedinfluenced the spread of karate in Japan included
their local version from that of others.Kenwa Mabuni, Chōjun Miyagi, Motobu
The adoption of empty-handed Chinese Wu Shu intoChōki, Kanken Tōyama, and Kanbun Uechi.
Okinawan fighting arts most likely transpired because