Flexibility - The Forgotten Fitness Fundamental

If you stop the average person on the street or in theequipment to buy. In addition, you can perform
grocery store and ask them "What does it mean tostretching exercises anywhere: at the office, waiting
be fit?" or better yet "What are the five componentsfor the bus or at home. If you belong to a health club
of physical fitness?" you'll get quite a variety offind out if they have any classes designed to increase
answers. Some will say aerobic health, strength trainingyour flexibility - I'm sure their answer will be yes. A
or even endurance are key components of physicalcouple of the most recognizable exercise programs
fitness. And those are three of the five componentsthat will increase your flexibility are Yoga and Pilates.
of physical fitness, but almost no one will mentionBut you don't have to belong or join a health club to
flexibility.incorporate a regular stretching program into your
Why is it that the average person does not think ofroutine.
flexibility as a key component of physical fitness? AndSo let's get started. First, you should always warm-up
when you tell them that flexibility and body compositionbefore any physical activity and that includes
are the other two fitness fundamentals they arestretching. Now hold on, isn't stretching considered
completely surprised. Part of the answer lies in the lackwarming-up? Let me ask you this question - is it more
of proper education about fitness and part in theeffective to stretch cold tense muscles or warm loose
emphasis placed on aerobic and strength training bymuscles? Now you understand. Your general warm-up
most fitness programs and products. Now don't getshould elevate your body temperature - if your starting
me wrong, I am not saying that aerobic and strengthto sweat that is a good indication that you're ready for
training are not an important part of a well roundedyour stretching routine. A few examples are jumping
physical fitness program - they are. However, whenjacks, skipping rope or running in place.
most people think of flexibility and stretching they onlyThe main four muscle groups you should incorporate in
remember it as something that's recommended beforeyour stretching routine are: (1) shoulders and chest, (2)
and after an aerobic or strength training workout. And,abdominals and back, (3) hips, and (4) legs. Here are a
if you ask people, most will say they don't follow thefew examples of each group:
recommendation.Shoulders and Chest:
So, why is flexibility important in and of itself? Before I(1) Begin from a standing position with arms extended
answer that question why don't we answer theto side at shoulder level. While keeping your thumbs
question - "What is flexibility?" Flexibility is the ability ofpointed up, extend arms backward. Hold position for 5
a limb to move freely about a joint through a full rangeto 10 seconds.
of motion. Range of motion is specific to each joint(2) While seated clasp hands together behind lower
and dependent upon: (1) Strength of the musclesback, palms up and thumbs pointed down. While
surrounding the joint, (2) joint surfaces and the degreebending over from the waist, slowly pull arms up and
of movement required for the joint to function, and (3)towards your head. Hold 5 to 10 seconds.
muscles, tendons, ligaments and connective tissue(3) While standing or seated, extend arms and clasp
associated with limb movement around the joint. Inhands together in front of your body palms outward.
addition, genetics, gender and body type are factorsPress forward until should and back are rounded. Hold
that can impact an individuals range of motion.5 to 10 seconds.
There are two basic types of flexibility - static andAbdominals and Back:
dynamic. Static flexibility is what most of us think about(1) While lying on your back, bring both knees up and
when pondering flexibility or stretching exercises. Statictowards chest. Place hands behind knees and gently
stretching involves holding a muscle in a stretchedpull both legs towards chest, stretching back muscles.
position for a short period of time (usually between 10Hold until you can feel muscles relax and tightness
and 60 seconds depending on current flexibility and thesubside. May hold as long as a minute.
muscle group being stretched). Dynamic stretching(2) From a standing position with your arms above
refers to the speed attained within a range of motionyour head, grasp wrist of arm on side being stretched,
during a physical performance. Examples includeand slowly bend torso to opposite side that is being
swinging a golf club, throwing a baseball or performingstretched. Return to starting position and stretch
a martial arts kick.opposite side.
Let's answer the question - "Why is flexibilityHips:
important?" Increased flexibility through proper(1) Lie on your back with legs extended. Bring one
stretching techniques provides a host of benefitsknee toward chest at a 90 degree angle. Using your
including:opposite hand, pull leg over the other leg and towards
(1) Reduced muscle tension and relaxing the musclesthe floor.
(2) Improve oxygen flow and intake of essential(2) Lie on your back with knees bent and your feet flat
nutrientson the ground. Cross one leg so that the ankle is
(3) Improved coordinationresting on the knee of the other leg.
(4) Helps in managing stress(3) Kneel on the ground with toes pointed straight back.
(5) Increases blood circulationMove one leg forward until knee of forward leg is
(6) Improves your posturedirectly over ankle of forward foot. Without changing
(7) Helps to alleviate lower back painpositions of either leg, lower front of hip downward.
(8) Reduced potential of injury during physical activitiesLegs:
(9) Reduced muscle soreness(1) Sit on ground with your legs extended. Bending at
You may think that only athletes need to increase theirwaist slowly reach you hands and grab your legs.
flexibility. And if you do, you couldn't be more wrong.(2) Lie on ground with your legs extended. Bring one
The average person sitting behind a desk all day withleg towards chest grasping back of leg and slowly pull
little or no physical activity will receive the maximumleg towards chest.
benefits from increased flexibility through a program ofImproving your flexibility takes time. For maximum
regular stretching. So are you ready to get startedbenefit your stretching routine should be performed on
with a regular stretching program? Fantastic - I knewa daily basis. However start off slow (3 to 4 times a
you would say yes.week) and never stretch to the point of feeling pain.
One of the great aspects of stretching is there is no