History And Fundamentals Of Karate

History:such as punching, kicking, knee and elbow strikes, and
Though Karate is often associated with Japaneseopen hand methods. Grappling, joint manipulations, locks,
martial arts, its true origin dwells in Okinawan combatrestraints, throwing, and vital point striking are also parts
techniques and Southern Chinese martial arts. It isof this discipline.
basically a fusion of both arts and was introduced toKarate training is divided into three main sections -
Japan only in 1921. During this period, Karate was- Kihon refers to the study of basic techniques,
simply known as "Te", or hand, as called by themovements and components
Okinawans. Chinese influence is evident in the original- Kata or 'form', a fixed sequence of moves, is a
symbol for Karate - the "Tang Hand" or "Chineseseries of movements and techniques linked together
Hand".by the combatative principles that the kata expresses.
There were no specified or concrete Karate styles in- Kumite or 'sparring' evovles from well-defined kata to
the early days and simply generalized as Shuri-te,open attack and defense.
Naha-te and Tomari-te, named after the three cities inThe Uniform - Color of the Belt and Ranks:
which they were formed. Each city had its ownThe Karate uniform is white and comprised of the
methods, principles, system and traditions of Karate.Kimono (shirt), Dogi or Keikogi (pants) and a belt (white
The introduction, popularization and modernization ofor colored), a combination introduced by Jigoro Kano,
Karate to Japan are mainly credited to Funakoshi, anthe founder of Judo. The color of the belt is dependant
Okinawan master, venerably regarded by manyon the rank and expertise of a practitioner. In
practitioners as "The Father of Modern Karate". Otheraccordance with commonly held standards, white belts
prominent Karate experts in his time include Kenwaare for beginners, and black for the highest rank. This,
Mabuni, Miyagi Chojun, Choshin Chibana, and Motobuhowver, may differ from one organization to another.
Choki.Each rank may also have subdivions of its own even
Japan began introducing Karate as a subject inif the color of the belt is similar. Styles and Variations:
schools before the Second World War and soldiers inKarate styles can be broadly classified into Traditional
the army were often trained in the discipline.and Full Body Karate. Traditional styles are those that
Competitions and different styles also starteddeveloped in the early period of the 20th century and
emerging as several universities started karate clubinclude variants such as Shotokan, Goju-ryu, Wado-ryu,
programs during this period.Shito-ryu, Kushin-ryu, and Shindo Jinen Ryu. Full contact
The popularization of Karate in the West has its rootskarate includes styles such as Kyokushin-kaikan and
in the American military occupation of Japan andKansuiryu. Many of the styles have offshoots that
Okinawa after the Second World War, and Japanesedeveloped into styles of their own. Although the
immigration to the United States.concepts remain universal, each representation differ
Fundamentals of Karate:from one another.
Karate mainly stresses on volatile combat techniques